Must thoroughly change the construction safety production assessment mechanism

No. 215

During the "two sessions" of the country, some reporters asked questions at the press conference of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development yesterday. In recent years, "downstairs" and "clinky buildings" have occurred. In 2015, there were 442 accidents in housing and municipal engineering safety production in China. There are 554 deaths. What are the causes of the frequent accidents? What measures will the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development take to curb the accident? Chen Zhenggao, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China, replied: "My feelings are the same as you, and I am very sad. In addition, I feel guilty about not doing the job well for the Ministry of Housing and Construction."

Sadness is the seriousness of the problem; self-blame is a responsibility. Indeed, the current situation of China's construction safety production is indeed not optimistic, and there are many problems. The reasons for this are investigated. The safety production assessment of building construction is an important part of the safe production management of building construction. It plays a more important role. The safety management assessment of building construction cannot be stopped, and it will inevitably bury the subsequent safety production management. Serious hidden dangers. Therefore, there are more prominent problems in the safety management assessment of building construction, which cannot be ignored. We cannot turn a blind eye. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the current safety production assessment mechanism for construction in China, and it is also urgent.

The first is the relationship between assessment and training. Article 54 of the Administrative Licensing Law of China clearly stipulates that an administrative organ or an industrial organization may not organize pre-test training before the compulsory qualification examination, and may not designate teaching materials or other supporting materials, and shall be assessed in accordance with the current Administrative License Law. The training must be independent of the two, that is, the principle of separation from examination and acceptance must be adhered to. The official documents of the national construction administrative department have not put forward specific requirements for the establishment of construction safety production training institutions, but now some construction administrative departments confuse the training and assessment of construction construction special operations personnel, and do not only designate training institutions, but also Directly or indirectly put the safety production assessment work in these training year institutions, so that the participating assessment personnel have to participate in the training of these training institutions, otherwise they may not participate in the assessment, or do not participate in the training of these training institutions, do not know the content of the assessment, to assess Passing is difficult.

Therefore, the current behavior of the construction administrative department to confuse the safety production assessment and training of construction is wrong. In his 2015 work report, Premier Li Keqiang once again stressed: "The road to Jane has the right to be incompetent." The "13th Five-Year Plan" outlines the promotion of decentralization and decentralization, the establishment of a sound power list, a list of responsibilities, a negative list management model, and the demarcation of the power and responsibility of the government, the market, and society. With the continuous deepening of the reform of the administrative management system, the boundaries between construction safety production assessment and training will be more distinct.

The second is the setting of assessment content and assessment management methods. At present, many safety production assessment contents and assessment management methods are unreasonable. They are not realistically and scientifically formulated according to the assessment targets and their management requirements. For example, the earliest examination of the hanging basket installation and dismantling personnel, in many places, the basket operator is also classified as a basket disassembler, called a special operator, the practice proves that this division is wrong, because the crane The basket operation is not a type of work, but other types of workers use the hanging basket tool to carry out the corresponding type of work operation. The article "Joining to create a new safe operation mode for basket operation than civil aviation" has attracted everyone's attention. Later, Only the company is responsible for the new claims and new requirements for the training of the use of the basket, rather than the training of special operators. In addition to the operator of the basket is a misunderstanding of special operations personnel, the safety production assessment of other types of management personnel or special operations personnel also has different management misunderstandings. The safety production assessment objects are different, and the assessment requirements and contents are not the same. There are simple and complicated ones, and it is impossible to be the same. For example, the requirements of the tower crane driver and the construction elevator driver are very different and cannot be requested with the same or similar assessment content.

The author believes that the assessment requirements of our current construction elevator drivers are irrational and unscientific. In accordance with the assessment requirements of the tower crane driver, we have formulated the so-called safety technology theory and safety operation skill assessment requirements of the construction elevator driver. For example, the driver of the construction elevator should be familiar with the basic knowledge of safety electricity on the construction site, familiar with the basic knowledge of the machine, and familiar with the construction elevator. The requirements for inspection and maintenance and familiarity with the judgment and disposal methods of common faults in construction elevators are almost the same as those for tower crane drivers. The relevant departments also edited the corresponding training materials for this purpose.

It seems that doing so is very important to the training and assessment of the construction lift driver. The requirements are very high and strict, but can the assessment like this be implemented? Practice has proved that it does not work at all!

why? It is not difficult to find out from the assessment object and the assessment requirements that it is ridiculous or naive to formulate such an assessment method.

Let us first look at the requirements of the construction elevator driver. For the construction elevator drivers, we require them to operate safely up and down according to the construction elevator operating procedures, without more complicated requirements. As for the daily maintenance of the construction elevator, it should be maintained by the mechanical equipment management personnel or special maintenance personnel. The daily maintenance of the construction elevator is not required and should not be maintained by the construction elevator driver. Almost no construction site currently uses a mechanical equipment manager or special maintenance personnel to open construction lifts. More practically, many construction sites use women to open construction lifts. This is the current status of the current construction site.

In other words, learning to open a construction lift does not necessarily require mastering the current assessment outline and the content specified in the training materials. Because the construction elevator is the elevator we usually talk about, the principle is basically the same as the elevator used in our high-rise residential buildings. In the past, the high-rise residential elevators were equipped with special elevator operators (or drivers), and now there are almost no special elevators. The operator is gone. If the quality of the construction elevator is good, it is not necessary to set up the position of the construction elevator driver. However, this type of elevator is used on the construction site. Since some construction sites or construction elevators do not meet the requirements, the construction elevator driver is set up. . At present, there are basically no special elevator operators (or drivers) in foreign construction elevators, and even the cabs of construction elevators are not available, and China is still entangled in the management of construction elevator drivers. complex. What's even more ridiculous is that if a construction lift without a cab is installed at the domestic construction site, some safety production supervision and management departments are absolutely not allowed. It can be seen to what extent our safety production management is rigid!

When it comes to the management of the construction elevator driver, people have to think of the management of the material elevator driver. There is also rigid management or childish management. There are many problems in the management of safety production assessments like this one. For example, it is not very clear what the full-time safety production management personnel should evaluate. It is not a case here.

In short, we are backward and rigid in some safety production assessment management, and so naive and ridiculous. We have complicated the simple assessment test, and it is difficult to implement after the assessment is complicated. Finally, the safety production assessment becomes unpredictable. It cannot be implemented according to the assessment outline or training materials, and it can be interpreted at will. Some power rent seekers can take advantage of it. In the end, everyone knows well, it is not surprising that the training goes through the field and the assessment is in the form.

Let's talk about the way of assessment and training. It stands to reason that assessment and training are two aspects of work. Due to the confusion between assessment and training, there is subjective confusion and objective confusion. They think that the training teacher is the assessment officer, or the assessment officer is the teacher, and the performance is in the training. And the willfulness of the assessment. At present, some local construction administrative departments are not divided into assessment departments and training institutions. Some even use safety production appraisers (some places are also called appraisers) as training teachers, so in these appraisers Or the appraisers will regard themselves as training and training teachers, that is, participate in the assessment, and also participate in the training. In some places, it is considered that the qualifications of the appraisers or the appraisers cannot be carried out, and the qualifications of the appraisers or appraisers become one. The disguised administrative license has formed a strange phenomenon of current safety production assessment. In fact, with the exception of a few assessment requirements, most organizations involved in safety production assessment and organization participants, that is, assessment personnel or assessment personnel, may not be training teachers, and may not understand the specific content of the training. They only need to follow the examination or assessment rules and judgments. According to the requirements, earnestly perform the examination duties and assessment discipline, and seek truth from facts to score or score. Therefore, in some areas, there are also rigid thinking in the examination arrangement, or the assessment as a training to manage, resulting in the spread of training and assessment.

We should be distressed by the problems in the above various safety production assessments, and we should blame ourselves when we are sad. Therefore, we should be brave enough to face up to the problems existing in the current safety production assessment, and completely change China's safety production assessment management mechanism with reform and innovative work thinking, in order to make China's safety production management to a new level.